Original Research

The effectiveness of Schroth exercises in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Marlette Burger, Wilna Coetzee, Lenka Z. du Plessis, Larissa Geldenhuys, Francois Joubert, Elzanne Myburgh, Chante van Rooyen, Nicol Vermeulen
South African Journal of Physiotherapy | Vol 75, No 1 | a904 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/sajp.v75i1.904 | © 2019 Marlette Burger, Wilna Coetzee, Lenka Z. du Plessis, Larissa Geldenhuys, Francois Joubert, Elzanne Myburgh, Chante van Rooyen, Nicol Vermeulen | This work is licensed under CC Attribution 4.0
Submitted: 03 October 2018 | Published: 03 June 2019

About the author(s)

Marlette Burger, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
Wilna Coetzee, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
Lenka Z. du Plessis, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
Larissa Geldenhuys, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
Francois Joubert, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
Elzanne Myburgh, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
Chante van Rooyen, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
Nicol Vermeulen, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa

Abstract

Background: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is one of the most common structural spinal deformities in adolescents, becoming apparent around the time of puberty. Schroth scoliosis-specific exercises have demonstrated promising results in reducing the progression of AIS.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify, critically appraise and establish the best available evidence for the effectiveness of Schroth exercises in comparison to non-surgical management to reduce the progression of AIS.

Methodology: Seven databases were searched in April 2018. Main key search terms included AIS, Schroth exercises, physiotherapy, exercise, electrical stimulation, yoga, Pilates, tai chi and bracing. The quality of the trials was critically appraised according to the PEDro scale. Revman© Review Manager Software was used to pool the quality of life (QOL) results.

Results: Four randomised control trials with an average PEDro score of 6.75/10 were included in this study. Results indicated that Schroth exercises had a significant effect in decreasing the Cobb angle (p < 0.05) in comparison to non-surgical management. The pooled effect on QOL showed a significant result in favour of Schroth exercises at 12 weeks (p < 0.002) and at 24 weeks (p < 0.0004).

Conclusion: Level II evidence suggests that Schroth exercises have a significant effect on reducing the Cobb angle and improving QOL in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis.

Clinical implications: This review’s findings should be considered with caution for physiotherapy practice because of the limited number of identified articles and their methodologic limitations. Based on the current available and limited evidence, clinicians could combine supervised Schroth exercises with conventional physiotherapy care (observation, exercise, bracing and manual therapy) when treating adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis.


Keywords

adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; Schroth exercises; physiotherapy; Cobb angle; quality of life; systematic review; meta-analysis

Metrics

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